耕作对中国亚热带稻麦轮作农田土壤有机碳分布、储量和质量的影响*

doi:10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2020.02.007

智能化农业装备学报（中英文） ›› 2020, Vol. 1 ›› Issue (2): 51-60.DOI: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2020.02.007

耕作对中国亚热带稻麦轮作农田土壤有机碳分布、储量和质量的影响^*

崔思远, 曹光乔

农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所,农业农村部现代农业装备重点开放实验室,南京市,210014

收稿日期:2020-08-31 出版日期:2020-11-15 发布日期:2021-11-30
通讯作者: 曹光乔,男,1978年生,湖北宜昌人,研究员;研究方向为农业机械化。E-mail: caoguangqiao@126.com
作者简介:崔思远,男,1987年生,安徽长丰人,助理研究员;研究方向为农田土壤生态。E-mail: cuisiyuan@126.com.
基金资助:
*中国农业科学院科技创新工程(农科院办(2014)216号);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(S202010—02)

Effects of tillage on soil organic carbon distribution, stocks, and quality from rice-wheat fields of subtropical China^*

Siyuan Cui, Guangqiao Cao

Nanjing Institute ofAgricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing, 210014, China

Received:2020-08-31 Online:2020-11-15 Published:2021-11-30
Contact: Guangqiao Cao, Doctor professor, research direction: agricultural mechanization. E-mail: caoguangqiao@126.com
About author:Siyuan Cui, Master, research associate, research direction: farmland soil ecology. E-mail: cuisiyuan@126.com
Supported by:
*Science and Technology Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Agricultural Academy Office (2014) No.216); Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Research Institutes (S202010—02)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 不同耕作方式的土壤扰动强度不同,进而对土壤有机碳产生影响。目前,有关中国东部稻田土壤团聚体结构和碳库的研究仍较少。本研究旨在评价耕作方式对团聚粒级、有机碳分布、碳储量和碳库管理指数(CMI)的影响。通过在稻麦轮作体系中建立为期5年的田间试验,包括4个处理:少耕(MT)、旋耕(RT)、翻耕(CT)和翻耕秸秆不还田(CT0)。结果表明,少耕和秸秆还田有利于>2 000 μm 的土壤团聚体的形成。0~5 cm、5~10 cm 和10~20 cm土壤有机碳含量分别以MT、RT和CT最高,有机碳主要分布在大团聚体中,秸秆还田有利于提高大团聚体比例和有机碳含量。团聚体组分与有机碳含量之间存在显著(P<0.05)相关。0~20 cm土层有机碳储量以MT最高,MT、RT、CT分别较CT0提高16.8%、15.6%和14.5%。与CT0相比,MT降低了CMI,而RT、CT提高CMI,土壤CMI和土壤容重呈显著的负相关关系(P<0.05)。综上所述,降低耕作强度、实施秸秆还田,特别是两者的联合施用,可有效提高中国东部稻麦田的团聚体含量和碳汇量。

关键词: 耕作措施, 水稳性团聚体, 有机碳分布, 有机碳储量, 碳库管理指数, 秸秆还田

Abstract: Tillage practices influence the fate of soil organic carbon (SOC) by different intensities of soil disturbance. Few studies have examined soil aggregate structure and carbon pool from rice-wheat fields in eastern China. This study aims to evaluate the influence of tillage methods on aggregate fractions,SOC distribution, carbon storage, and carbon pool management index (CMI). A 5-year field experiment was conducted including 4 treatments: minimum tillage (MT), rotary tillage (RT), conventional tillage (CT), and conventional tillage with residue removed (CT0) in a rice-wheat system. Results showed that MT and straw retention are beneficial to the formation of >2 000 μm aggregates. The organic carbon contents at 0~5, 5~10, and 10~20 cm depths increased when using MT, RT, and CT. Since the organic carbon was mainly distributed in macro aggregates, it increased by straw retention regardless of the tillage treatment used. There is a significant (P<0.05) correlation between aggregates fractions and the content of organic carbon. Organic carbon stock at 0~20 cm depths increases by 15.6%, 14.5%, 13.4%, and -0.95% under MT, RT, CT and CT0, respectively. Compared with CT0, MT reduces the CMI while RT and CT enhance it. The CMI has a significant negative correlation with soil bulk density. Our results indicate that reducing tillage intensity, implementing straw retention, and especially their combined application can be effectively used to improve aggregates fractions and carbon sequestration in rice-wheat fields in eastern China.

Key words: tillage systems, water stable aggregate, organic carbon distribution, SOC stock, carbon pool management index, straw retention

中图分类号:

崔思远, 曹光乔. 耕作对中国亚热带稻麦轮作农田土壤有机碳分布、储量和质量的影响^*[J]. 智能化农业装备学报（中英文）, 2020, 1(2): 51-60.

Siyuan Cui, Guangqiao Cao. Effects of tillage on soil organic carbon distribution, stocks, and quality from rice-wheat fields of subtropical China^*[J]. Journal of Intelligent Agricultural Mechanization, 2020, 1(2): 51-60.

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耕作对中国亚热带稻麦轮作农田土壤有机碳分布、储量和质量的影响^*

Effects of tillage on soil organic carbon distribution, stocks, and quality from rice-wheat fields of subtropical China^*

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耕作对中国亚热带稻麦轮作农田土壤有机碳分布、储量和质量的影响*

Effects of tillage on soil organic carbon distribution, stocks, and quality from rice-wheat fields of subtropical China*

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耕作对中国亚热带稻麦轮作农田土壤有机碳分布、储量和质量的影响^*

Effects of tillage on soil organic carbon distribution, stocks, and quality from rice-wheat fields of subtropical China^*