智能化农业装备学报(中英文) ›› 2024, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (2): 19-32.DOI: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2024.02.003
收稿日期:
2023-10-22
修回日期:
2024-01-04
出版日期:
2024-05-15
发布日期:
2024-05-15
通讯作者:
陈雨
作者简介:
胡宸玮,男,1997年生,四川成都人,硕士研究生;研究方向为智能农业装备设计与控制。E-mail: 2021050993@nwafu.edu.cn
基金资助:
HU Chenwei(), CHEN Yu(), CAO Jiayu, CHEN Yuxiang, ZHANG Shuo, CHEN Jun
Received:
2023-10-22
Revised:
2024-01-04
Online:
2024-05-15
Published:
2024-05-15
Contact:
CHEN Yu
摘要:
针对4WID高地隙自走式电动喷雾机在复杂工况下,面对来自外部道路坡度改变及内部药液喷洒带来整备质量下降,从而导致喷雾机行驶速度稳定性差、作业质量恶化等问题,在分析4WID高地隙自走式电动喷雾机结构与纵向动力学特性基础上,设计一种定速巡航分层控制算法。控制算法模型接收用户设定的期望行驶车速,经过算法计算后对纵向动力学系统模型输入加速度控制信号,实现喷雾机对期望车速的跟踪。搭建的纵向动力学系统结构主要包括5个部分:逆纵向动力学模型、加速与制动切换模型、转矩分配模型、电机模型和纵向动力学模型。通过对斜坡行驶状态下喷雾机的车身状态进行受力分析可获得其逆纵向动力学及纵向动力学模型;同时,为建立合理的四轮转矩分配策略,在喷雾机车身同时具有俯仰及侧倾的条件下进行分析,以各驱动轮的附着率作为分配依据,满足不同工况下各车轮的最佳驱动力矩,确保喷雾机动力的均衡性。模型定速巡航控制采用分层控制方法,通过建立上层PID控制及下层的模糊PID控制实现对喷雾机车速的有效跟踪,通过制定模糊控制规则,自动对下层控制器的PID参数进行整定,保证在各种复杂工况下喷雾机定速巡航系统的良好适应性。应用Matlab/Simulink建立控制模型,对控制系统进行仿真分析。试验结果表明,在典型工况下,设计的定速巡航控制系统能够有效地对喷雾机的速度进行控制。具体而言,在系统输入外部干扰及自重变化条件下,该控制系统的表现良好,超调量在2%以内,响应时间小于0.2 s,稳态误差趋于0,验证了所采用控制算法的准确性。
中图分类号:
胡宸玮, 陈雨, 曹佳宇, 陈宇翔, 张硕, 陈军. 4WID高地隙自走式电动喷雾机定速巡航控制方法[J]. 智能化农业装备学报(中英文), 2024, 5(2): 19-32.
HU Chenwei, CHEN Yu, CAO Jiayu, CHEN Yuxiang, ZHANG Shuo, CHEN Jun. Research on constant speed cruise control of 4WID high ground clearance self-propelled electric sprayer[J]. Journal of Intelligent Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 5(2): 19-32.
参数 | 转速调节器ASR | 电流调节器ACR |
---|---|---|
比例调节系数kp | 2.5 | 3.8 |
积分调节系数ki | 0.01 | 0.007 |
表1 电机控制模型调节器参数
Table 1 Motor control model regulator parameters
参数 | 转速调节器ASR | 电流调节器ACR |
---|---|---|
比例调节系数kp | 2.5 | 3.8 |
积分调节系数ki | 0.01 | 0.007 |
e | ec | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NB | NM | NS | ZO | PS | PM | PB | |
NB | PB/NB/PS | PB/NB/NS | PM/NM/NB | PM/NM/NB | PS/NS/NB | ZO/ZO/NM | ZO/ZO/PS |
NM | PB/NB/PS | PB/NB/NS | PM/NM/NB | PS/NS/NM | PS/NS/NM | ZO/ZO/NS | NS/ZO/ZO |
NS | PM/NB/ZO | PM/NM/NS | PM/NS/NM | PS/NS/NM | ZO/ZO/NM | NS/PS/NS | NS/PS/ZO |
ZO | PM/NM/ZO | PM/NM/NS | PS/NS/NS | ZO/ZO/NS | NS/PS/NS | NM/PM/NS | NM/PM/ZO |
PS | PS/NM/ZO | PS/NS/ZO | ZO/ZO/ZO | NS/PS/ZO | NS/PS/ZO | NM/PM/ZO | NM/PB/ZO |
PM | PS/ZO/PB | ZO/ZO/NS | NS/PS/NS | NM/PS/PS | NM/PM/PS | NM/PB/PS | NB/PB/PB |
PB | ZO/ZO/PB | ZO/ZO/PM | NM/PS/PM | NM/PM/PM | NM/PM/PS | NB/PB/PS | NB/PB/PB |
表2 参数Kp、Ki、Kd控制规则调整表
Table 2 Adjustment table for control rules of parameters Kp, Ki, and Kd
e | ec | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NB | NM | NS | ZO | PS | PM | PB | |
NB | PB/NB/PS | PB/NB/NS | PM/NM/NB | PM/NM/NB | PS/NS/NB | ZO/ZO/NM | ZO/ZO/PS |
NM | PB/NB/PS | PB/NB/NS | PM/NM/NB | PS/NS/NM | PS/NS/NM | ZO/ZO/NS | NS/ZO/ZO |
NS | PM/NB/ZO | PM/NM/NS | PM/NS/NM | PS/NS/NM | ZO/ZO/NM | NS/PS/NS | NS/PS/ZO |
ZO | PM/NM/ZO | PM/NM/NS | PS/NS/NS | ZO/ZO/NS | NS/PS/NS | NM/PM/NS | NM/PM/ZO |
PS | PS/NM/ZO | PS/NS/ZO | ZO/ZO/ZO | NS/PS/ZO | NS/PS/ZO | NM/PM/ZO | NM/PB/ZO |
PM | PS/ZO/PB | ZO/ZO/NS | NS/PS/NS | NM/PS/PS | NM/PM/PS | NM/PB/PS | NB/PB/PB |
PB | ZO/ZO/PB | ZO/ZO/PM | NM/PS/PM | NM/PM/PM | NM/PM/PS | NB/PB/PS | NB/PB/PB |
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