水稻联合收获机可升降底盘的设计与试验

doi:10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2025.01.006

智能化农业装备学报（中英文） ›› 2025, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (1): 59-70.DOI: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2025.01.006

水稻联合收获机可升降底盘的设计与试验

阳科¹^,²(), 李举¹^,², 陈宇¹^,², 李浩³, 敖瑜⁴, 雷小龙¹^,²()

^1.四川农业大学机电学院，四川雅安，625014
^2.四川省智慧农业工程技术研究中心，四川雅安，625014
^3.德阳金星农业机械制造有限公司，四川德阳，618000
^4.四川省营山市农业农村局，四川南充，637799

收稿日期:2024-07-16 修回日期:2024-08-30 出版日期:2025-02-15 发布日期:2025-02-15
通讯作者: 雷小龙

Design and testing of a liftable chassis for rice harvester

YANG Ke¹^,²(), LI Ju¹^,², CHEN Yu¹^,², LI Hao³, AO Yu⁴, LEI Xiaolong¹^,²()

^1.College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering，Sichuan Agricultural University，Ya’an 625014，China
^2.Smart Agriculture Engineering Technology Center of Sichuan Province，Ya’an 625014，China
^3.Deyang Jinxing Agricultural Machinery Manufacturing Co. ，Ltd，Deyang 618000，China
^4.Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Yingshan City，Nanchong 637799，China

Received:2024-07-16 Revised:2024-08-30 Online:2025-02-15 Published:2025-02-15
Contact: LEI Xiaolong
About author:YANG Ke， Master's degree candidate， research interests： liftable chassis for rice harvester. E-mail： 2022317023@stu.sicau.edu.cn
Supported by:
Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2022YFG0077)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

水稻联合收割机在作业过程中由于地面倾斜和不平整导致机身倾斜，影响其通过性和可靠性。本研究针对田间表面倾斜需要调平的问题，设计了一种适用于水稻联合收获机的双平行四边形底盘升降机构，并设计了液压系统，通过油缸伸出实现对底盘高度的调整。利用Adams软件构建了升降底盘的仿真模型，分析得出液压缸伸出长度与底盘高度呈正相关关系，且该机构能够在7.5°的倾斜角度下实现调平；并对可升降底盘系统进行了静态和动态评价。在静态试验中，系统能够根据倾斜情况实现全面或单侧自动调平，调平时间和角度偏差分别控制在3.6 s和±0.4°以内。在斜坡地和水田地上的动态测试显示，调平后的平均倾斜角度和标准差分别保持在1.2°和0.6°以下，显著提高了底盘的稳定性和可靠性。本研究为水稻联合收获机底盘的自动调平技术和结构设计提供了参考。

关键词: 水稻联合收割机, 底盘升降机构, 液压调平, 调平时间

Abstract:

During the operation of the rice combine harvester， the fuselage tilts due to the tilt and unevenness of the ground affect its maneuverability and operational reliability. Aiming at the problem of leveling due to the tilt of the field surface， this research developed an innovative dual-parallelogram chassis lifting mechanism for rice harvesters designed a hydraulic system to adjust the chassis height by extending the cylinder. Using Adams simulation software， a detailed model of the lifting chassis was constructed to analyze its performance， revealing a direct correlation between the hydraulic cylinder extension and chassis elevation. Notably， the mechanism could achieve leveling on slopes with inclination angles of up to 7.5°. Comprehensive evaluations of the liftable chassis system were conducted under both static and dynamic conditions. In the static tests， the system exhibited the capacity for comprehensive or unilateral auto-leveling contingent upon the tilt， with leveling times and angular variations confined to 3.6 s and ±0.4°， respectively. In dynamic tests conducted on sloped fields and paddy soils， the system reduced post-leveling mean tilt angles and standard deviations remained below 1.2° and 0.6°， respectively. These results demonstrated a substantial improvement in the stability and reliability of the chassis during operations. This research provides valuable insights into the design and optimization of automatic leveling mechanisms and structural innovations for harvester chassis.

Key words: rice combine harvester, chassis lifting mechanism, hydraulic leveling, leveling time

中图分类号:

S225.3

阳科, 李举, 陈宇, 李浩, 敖瑜, 雷小龙. 水稻联合收获机可升降底盘的设计与试验[J]. 智能化农业装备学报（中英文）, 2025, 6(1): 59-70.

YANG Ke, LI Ju, CHEN Yu, LI Hao, AO Yu, LEI Xiaolong. Design and testing of a liftable chassis for rice harvester[J]. Journal of Intelligent Agricultural Mechanization, 2025, 6(1): 59-70.

图/表 20

Figure 1 Structure of the lifting chassis1. Rear lifting arm　2. Middle beam　3. Chassis frame　4. Hydraulic cylinder　5. Connecting rod　6. Limit block　7. Front swing arm8. Front lifting arm　9. Front hinge support　10. Traveling device11. Splined shaft　12. Rear swing arm　13. Rear hinge support

Figure 2 Liftable chassis structure schematic diagram Table 1　Lifting mechanism parts parameters

Figure 3 Analysis of tilt angle

Figure 4 Schematic diagram of chassis rotation coordinates

Figure 5 Lateral tilt centroid analysis

Figure 6 Lifting chassis model

Figure 7 The structure of the hydraulic control system

Figure 8 Hydraulic control schematic diagram.1. Hydraulic cylinder　2. Magnetic displacement sensor 3. Two-way balancing valve　4. Hydraulic lock （one-way valve） 5. Proportional directional valve　6. Shock-resistant pressure gauge 7. Pressure measuring hose　8. Pressure measuring joint 9. Pressure sensor　10. High-pressure filter

Figure 9 Hydraulic system interface

Figure 10 Rice harvester with integrated lifting system

Figure 11 Hydraulic cylinder extension length

Figure 12 Relationship between chassis inclination angle and hydraulic cylinder extension length

Figure 13 Chassis lateral tilt angle

Figure 14 Lifting height and force of lifting chassis

Figure 15 Center of mass height， velocity and acceleration

Figure 16 Tilt statue in the static test

Figure 17 Relationship between extension length of hydraulic cylinder， rotation angle and lifting height

Figure 18 Chassis lateral tilt angle

Figure 19 Automatic leveling test of pothole fields

Figure 20 Automatic leveling of field tests at different travelling speeds Table 2　Field test results

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水稻联合收获机可升降底盘的设计与试验

Design and testing of a liftable chassis for rice harvester

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