履带式农业装备行走机构对土壤的机械破坏研究进展

doi:10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2022.01.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 土壤是农业的根本, 减少作业机具土壤破坏是现代农业装备的必然要求, 也是实现农业可持续发展的重要途径。对履带式农业装备对土壤的机械破坏问题进行分析, 重点阐述了外载荷对农业土壤结构功能的影响、履带行走机构接地载荷和农用履带行走机构设计与优化方法的研究现状和发展动态。在系统总结和分析土壤破坏机理、履带行走机构接地载荷影响要素等研究趋势的基础上, 指出现阶段面向土壤保护性作业设计履带式农业装备行走机构的技术难点, 并提出探究外载荷下土壤微观结构和宏观物理性质变化规律, 明确履带行走机构载荷分布规律与调控方法, 优化履带行走机构设计是减小土壤的机械破坏的关键。

关键词: 履带, 行走机构, 土壤, 机械破坏, 研究进展

Abstract: Soil is the foundation of agriculture. Reducing soil damage by walking mechanism is an inevitable requirement for modern agricultural equipment and an important way to achieve sustainable agriculture. In this paper, the problem of mechanical damage to soil by tracked agricultural equipment was analyzed. The current status and development presented in three aspects: the influence of external load on the soil, the relationship between tracked walking mechanism and ground load distribution, and the design and optimization method of agricultural tracked walking mechanism. Based on the systematic summary and analysis of the research trends, grounding load influencing elements of tracked walking mechanism and the technical difficulties of walking mechanism of tracked agricultural equipment designed for soil conservation are pointed out. The investigation of soil microstructure and macroscopic physical property change law under external load, the research of load distribution law and regulation method of tracked walking mechanism, the optimization design of tracked walking mechanism are the keys to reduce the soil mechanical damage.

Key words: tracked, walking mechanism, soil, mechanical damage, research progress

中图分类号:

关卓怀, 张敏, 金梅, 李海同, 江涛, 沐森林. 履带式农业装备行走机构对土壤的机械破坏研究进展[J]. 智能化农业装备学报（中英文）, 2022, 3(1): 62-70.

Guan Zhuohuai, Zhang Min, Jin Mei, Li Haitong, Jiang Tao, Mu Senlin. Research progress of mechanical damagetosoil by walking mechanism oftrackedagriculturalequipment[J]. Journal of Intelligent Agricultural Mechanization, 2022, 3(1): 62-70.

参考文献

［1］　Lu B F, Song B Q, Zhou Y L, et al. Farmland soil mechanized compaction and improvement techniques ［J］. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2016, 32(5): 173-177. （in Chinese)
［2］　Shah A N, Tanveer M, Shahzad B, et al. Soil compaction effects on soil health and crop productivity: An overview ［J］. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2017, 24(11): 10056-10067.
［3］　Sivarajan S, Maharlooei M, Bajwa S, et al. Impact of soil compaction due to wheel traffic on corn and soybean growth, development and yield ［J］. Soil and Tillage Research, 2018, 175: 234-243.
［4］　Wang X L, Zhang X C, Lin X N, et al. Quantification of traffic-induced compaction based on soil and agricultural implement parameters［J］. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 2020， 13(5): 134-140.
［5］　Acquah K, Chen Y. Soil compaction from wheel traffic under three tillage systems ［J］. Agriculture, 2022, 12（2）: 219.
［6］　Liu N, Li X J, Guo B, et al. Simulation analysis on influencing factors of reclamation soil compaction in mechanical compaction process ［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2014, 30(1): 183-190. （in Chinese)
［7］　Ucgul M, Saunders C, Fielke J M. Comparison of the discrete element and finite element methods to model the interaction of soil and tool cutting edge ［J］. Biosystems Engineering, 2018, 169: 199-208.
［8］　Shaikh S, Li Y, Ma Z, et al. Discrete element method (DEM) simulation of single grouser shoe-soil interaction at varied moisture contents ［J］. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 2021, 191: 106538.
［9］　Lu Q Q, Wang E H, Chen X W. Effect of mechanical compaction on soil micro-aggregate composition and stability of black soil ［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2015, 31(11): 54-59. （in Chinese)
［10］　Omar G, Ciro E, Elvis L. Modelling in FEM the soil pressures distribution caused by a tyre on a Rhodic Ferralsol soil ［J］. Journal of Terramechanics, 2016, 63： 61-67.
［11］　Min X Y, Li X J, Li Q C. Influence of mechanical compaction on reclaimed soil particle size distribution multifractal characteristics ［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2017, 33(20): 274-283. （in Chinese)
［12］　Naderi-Boldaji M, Kazemzadeh A, Hemmat A, et al. Changes in soil stress during repeated wheeling: A comparison of measured and simulated values ［J］. Soil Research, 2017, 56(2): 204-214.
［13］　Wang X L, Zhong X K, Geng Y L, et al. Construction and parameter calibration of the nonlinear elasto plastic discrete element model for no-tillage soil compaction ［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2021, 37(23): 100-107. （in Chinese)
［14］　Nie J, Zheng S X, Liao Y L, et al. Physical properties of paddy soils with different productivity in double-rice cropping region of Hunan Province ［J］. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2010, 21(11): 2777-2784. （in Chinese)
［15］　Alaoui A, Rogger M, Peth S, et al. Does soil compaction increase floods？ A review ［J］. Journal of Hydrology, 2018, 557: 631-642.
［16］　Li D P, Wang H, Sun T, et al. Effects of mechanical compaction on soil microbial activities and carbon emission of oasis agricultural soils in Xinjiang ［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2018, 34(20): 124-131. （in Chinese)
［17］　Wang X L, Wang Q J, Li H W, et al. Effect of tyre induced soil compaction on soil properties and crop root growth under no-tillage system ［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2017, 48(6): 168-175. （in Chinese)
［18］　Bogunovic I, Paulo P， Kisic I， et al. Tillage management impacts on soil compaction, erosion and crop yield in Stagnosols (Croatia) ［J］. Catena, 2018, 160: 376-384.
［19］　He T F, Ding Q S, Zhang W, et al. Optimization of analytical model and prediction of soil compaction stress based on stress transmission coefficient ［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2020, 51(10): 292-298. （in Chinese)
［20］　Liang L, Chen X X, Sun K R, et al. Effects of harvester on soil disturbance in rice-wheat rotating areas in the lower reaches of Yangtze River region ［J］. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, 2020, 43(1): 186-193. （in Chinese)
［21］　Feng L, Deng Z J, Ma Y, et al. Study on coupling relationship of track-load wheel-ground ［J］. Journal of Forestry Engineering, 2017, 2(4): 115-120. （in Chinese)
［22］　He T F, Ding Q S, Li Y N, et al. Stress transmission coefficient: A soil stress transmission property for a loading process ［J］. Soil and Tillage Research, 2017, 166: 179-184.
［23］　Gat G, Franco Y, Shmulevich I. Fast dynamic modeling for off-road track vehicles ［J］. Journal of Terramechanics, 2020, 92(27): 1-12.
［24］　Sun Z X, Tang L W, Wang W, et al. Flexible track stress distribution considering slip subsidence ［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2017, 48(1): 317-324. （in Chinese)
［25］　Özdemir M N, Kılıç V, Ünlüsoy Y S. A new contact & slip model for tracked vehicle transient dynamics on hard ground ［J］. Journal of Terramechanics, 2017, 73: 3-23.
［26］　Edwin P, Shankar K, Kannan K. Soft soil track interaction modeling in single rigid body tracked vehicle models ［J］. Journal of Terramechanics, 2018, 77: 1-14.
［27］　Li C M, Wu W, Guo Z Q, et al. Longitudinal and vertical coupled dynamic model and power characteristics of tracked vehicle ［J］. Acta Armamentari, 2021, 42(3): 449-458. （in Chinese)
［28］　Guan Z H, Mu S L, Wu C Y, et al. Steering kinematic analysis and experiment of tracked combine harvester working in paddy field ［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2020, 36(13): 29-38. （in Chinese)
［29］　Guan Z H, Chen K, Wu C Y, et al. Design and experiment of crawler combine harvester electronic control steering system ［J］. International Agricultural Engineering Journal, 2020, 29(2): 195-204.
［30］　Guan Z H, Li Y, Mu S L, et, al. Tracing algorithm and control strategy for crawler rice combine harvester auxiliary navigation system ［J］. Biosystems Engineering, 2021, 211: 50-62.
［31］　Lamandé M, Greve M, Schjønning P. Risk assessment of soil compaction in Europe-Rubber tracks or wheels on machinery ［J］. Catena, 2018, 167: 353-362.
［32］　Vennik K, Kukk P, Krebstein K, et al. Measurements and simulations of rut depth due to single and multiple passes of a military vehicle on different soil types ［J］. Soil and Tillage Research, 2019, 186: 120-127.
［33］　Zhao Z H, Mu X H, Guo H L, et al. Test and modeling on static ground pressure of rubber track conversion system ［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2018, 34(3): 72-79. （in Chinese)
［34］　Li H Z, Wang H Y, Rui Q, et al. Calculation and testing verification of ground traction of tracked vehicles ［J］. Journal of Academy of Armored Force Engineering, 2015, 29(1): 36-40. （in Chinese)
［35］　Dong C, Cheng K, Gao X L, et al. Tracked vehicle skid steer performance analysis under the influence of the centrifugal force ［J］. Journal of Vibration, Measurement & Diagnosis, 2017, 37(1): 76-83. （in Chinese)
［36］　Nicolini A, Mocera F, Soma A. Multibody simulation of a tracked vehicle with deformable ground contact model ［J］. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 2019, 233(1): 152-162.
［37］　Liu P Y, Wang Z J, Li H T, et al. Design and overcoming obstacles ability research of tracked driving chassis with planetary structure ［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2014, 45(S1): 17-23. （in Chinese)
［38］　Zhao J Z, Wang F C, Yu B, et al. Research on all-terrain profiling crawler power chassis ［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2014, 45(9): 20-24. （in Chinese)
［39］　Jin C Q, Yang T X, Liu G W, et al. Design and test of posture controlled chassis for caterpillar combine ［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2020, 51(11): 393-402. （in Chinese)
［40］　Geng D Y, Sun Y C, Li H B, et al. Design and experiment of crawler corn harvester for sloping fields ［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2021, 37(13): 11-19. （in Chinese)
［41］　Wang W W, Xie J J, Chen L Q, et al. Design and experiment of 3YZ-80A crawler self-propelled corn interrow sprayer ［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2021, 52(9): 106-114. （in Chinese)
［42］　Fu J, Li J, Tang X L, et al. Optimization of structure parameters of the grouser shoes for adhesion reduction under black soil ［J］. Agriculture, 2021, 11: 795.
［43］　Yang C B, Dong M M, Gu L, et al. Research on soil shear strength considering the shape of grouser ［J］. Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology, 2015, 35(11): 1118-1121. （in Chinese)
［44］　Ding Z, Li Y M, Ren L D, et al. Distribution uniformity of soil stress under compaction of tracked undercarriage ［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2020, 36(9): 52-58. （in Chinese)
［45］　Liu Z, Guo J L, Ding L, et al. Online estimation of terrain parameters and resistance force based on equivalent sinkage for planetary rovers in longitudinal skid ［J］. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 2019, 119: 39-54.
［46］　Yokoyama A, Nakashima H, Shimizu H, et al. Effect of open spaces between grousers on the gross traction of a track shoe for lightweight vehicles analyzed using 2D DEM ［J］. Journal of Terramechanics, 2019, 90: 31-40.
［47］　Liu T N, Wang L H, Zhang G H, et al. Optimization design of key parameters of a triangular pedrail wheel system for log skidders ［J］. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(6): 94-102. （in Chinese)