线式供苗全自动甘薯移栽机设计与试验

doi:10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2022.02.004

智能化农业装备学报（中英文） ›› 2022, Vol. 3 ›› Issue (2): 28-36.DOI: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2022.02.004

线式供苗全自动甘薯移栽机设计与试验

张永政^{1, 2}，曹成茂^{1, 2}，秦宽^{1, 2*}，朱成亮³，李光耀⁴，葛俊¹，方梁菲¹，周强¹

1. 安徽农业大学工学院，安徽合肥，230036； 2. 安徽省智能农机装备工程实验室，安徽合肥，230036；3. 安徽省农业机械试验鉴定站，安徽合肥，230001； 4. 泗县伟达农机具有限公司，安徽宿州，234300

出版日期:2022-11-15 发布日期:2022-11-15
通讯作者: 秦宽
作者简介:张永政，男，1998年生，山东济宁人，硕士研究生；研究方向为农业机械设计理论与方法。E-mail: zhangyongzheng_sd@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（52105239）；安徽省自然科学基金（2008085QE270）

Design and experiment of automatic sweet potato transplanter with linear seedling supplying

Zhang Yongzheng^{1, 2}, Cao Chengmao^{1, 2}, Qin Kuan^{1, 2}, Zhu Chengliang³, Li Guangyao⁴, Ge Jun¹, Fang Liangfei¹, Zhou Qiang¹

1. School of Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; 2. Anhui Intelligent Agricultural Machinery Equipment Engineering Laboratory, Hefei 230036, China; 3. Anhui Province Agricultural Machinery Test and Appraisal Station, Hefei 230001, China; 4. Sixianweida Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd., Suzhou 234300, China

Online:2022-11-15 Published:2022-11-15
Contact: Qin Kuan
About author:Zhang Yongzheng,Mster

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对现有半自动甘薯移栽机械存在需人工供苗、移栽效率低的问题，研制了一种线式供苗全自动甘薯移栽机，可一次完成两垄甘薯的自动供苗、开沟、栽植、覆土、修垄等多道作业工序，实现甘薯移栽全自动机械化作业。该机为实现自动供苗设计采用线式供苗移栽方式，在分析甘薯苗抗压力学特性和移栽机工作原理的基础上，确定线式供苗全自动甘薯移栽机的整体结构，完成了线式供苗机构、开沟植苗机构的关键参数设计；根据甘薯垄上移栽农艺要求，对覆土与修垄机构进行组合设计，满足甘薯开沟植苗作业后覆土与修垄的要求。田间试验结果表明，当移栽机保持0.7 m/s的速度前进时，该机作业的平均株距为151.6 mm，株距合格率为100%，栽植深度合格率为79%，立苗角度合格率为85%，漏苗率为2.6%，能满足甘薯机械移栽要求。该机是采用新型线式供苗移栽方式的机械化载体，对全自动机械化甘薯移栽机的设计思路提供参考。

关键词: 甘薯移栽机, 线式供苗, 斜插, 开沟, 覆土修垄, 移栽试验

Abstract: Semi-automatic sweet potato transplanters are facing the problem of artificial seedlings and low-efficient transplanting. In order to solve the problem, the automatic sweet potato transplanter with linear seedling supplying was developed. Based on multiple working procedures, this machine could complete two ridges automatically for sweet potato seedlings, furrow, plant, cover and ridge in a single time. In order to achieve the automatic seedling supply, the machine adopts the mode of the linear seedling supply transplanting. The authors analyzed the pressure resistance of sweet potato seedling and the working principle of the transplanter. Based on the analysis, the overall structure of automatic sweet potato transplanter with linear seedling supplying was determined, and the design of the key parameters of the linear seedling supply mechanism and ditching seedling planting mechanism was completed. According to the agronomic need of sweet potato ridge transplanting, the combination of soil covering and ridge repairing was carried out, which meets the requirements of soil covering and ridge repairing after ditching and planting sweet potato seedlings. Results of field experiment showed that when the transplanter was at the speed of 0.7 m/s, the average plant spacing was 151.6 mm, the qualified rate of plant spacing was 100%, the qualified rate of planting depth was 79%, the qualified rate of seeding angle was 85%, and the missing seedling rate was 2.6%. The statistics could meet the requirements of sweet potato mechanical transplanting. A mechanized carrier that adopts the new linear transplanting, this machine can provide a reference for the design of automatic mechanized sweet potato transplanting machine.

Key words: sweet potato transplanter, linear sweet potato seedlings, inclined-insert, trench, soil cover and bed renovation, transplanting test

中图分类号:

S223.93

张永政, 曹成茂, 秦宽, 朱成亮, 李光耀, 葛俊, 方梁菲, 周强. 线式供苗全自动甘薯移栽机设计与试验[J]. 智能化农业装备学报（中英文）, 2022, 3(2): 28-36.

Zhang Yongzheng, Cao Chengmao, Qin Kuan, Zhu Chengliang, Li Guangyao, Ge Jun, Fang Liangfei, Zhou Qiang. Design and experiment of automatic sweet potato transplanter with linear seedling supplying[J]. Journal of Intelligent Agricultural Mechanization, 2022, 3(2): 28-36.

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线式供苗全自动甘薯移栽机设计与试验

Design and experiment of automatic sweet potato transplanter with linear seedling supplying

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