关键词: 果园, 水肥一体化, 管控系统, 远程控制

Abstract: According to the demand of water and fertilizer integration in orchard, combined with the actual situation of experimental pear orchard, a set of water and fertilizer integration management and control system was designed. It is composed of water and fertilizer integrated system and management and control system, and adopts various irrigation forms, such as micro sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation, alternate drip irrigation. The management and control system takes the water fertilizer integrated machine as the core, including data acquisition, water and fertilizer management and control and remote control unit, which can monitor the environment, equipment status and parameters, and make decisions and control. Users can view and operate through a variety of ways to achieve information collection, transmission, management, decision-making and control in one. A variety of water and fertilizer application schemes were designed and tested. The results show that the system runs well, and can accurately control different amounts of water and fertilizer. Under the condition of 19% fertilizer reduction, the growth, yield and quality of micro sprinkler irrigation remain unchanged, and the labor saving reaches 90%. Under the condition of 40% drip irrigation water reduction and 35% fertilizer reduction, the growth and quality remain unchanged and the yield increases. Combined with the water and fertilizer application rules, the system realized the integrated management and control of water and fertilizer, and achieved good results, which can provide reference for the design and application of orchard water and fertilizer integration.

Key words: orchard, integration of water and fertilizer, management and control system, remote control