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智能化农业装备学报(中英文) ›› 2024, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (2): 51-60.DOI: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2024.02.006

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轻量化三七移栽机车架有限元分析及拓扑优化设计

马遥1(), 苏微1(), 赖庆辉2, 张弦1, 于庆旭3, 宛渊1   

  1. 1.昆明理工大学现代农业工程学院,云南 昆明,650500
    2.云南师范大学能源与环境科学学院,云南 昆明,650091
    3.农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所,江苏 南京,210014
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-01 修回日期:2024-04-10 出版日期:2024-05-15 发布日期:2024-05-15
  • 通讯作者: 苏微
  • 作者简介:马遥,男,1999年生,硕士研究生;研究方向为农业机械装备与计算机测控。E-mail: 1348124520@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(52165031)

Finite element analysis and topology optimization design of lightweight Panax Notoginseng transplanting machine frame

MA Yao1(), SU Wei1(), LAI Qinghui2, ZHANG Xian1, YU Qingxu3, WAN Yuan1   

  1. 1.Faculty of Modern Agricultural Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China
    2.Faculty of Energy and Environmental Sciences,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650091,China
    3.Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing 210014,China
  • Received:2024-03-01 Revised:2024-04-10 Online:2024-05-15 Published:2024-05-15
  • Contact: SU Wei

摘要:

三七是我国种植规模最大,开发利用较多的大宗药材之一,而云南省作为我国三七主要的产区,由于地形和农艺要求的影响,传统农业机具难以进入移栽区域进行作业,导致目前三七移栽仍采用传统人工作业方式,为此,研制一款三七移栽机对于促进三七产业化发展尤为重要。车架作为移栽机车身重要的承载结构,对整车性能的优劣有着至关重要的影响。为此,针对移栽机车架进行结构分析,旨在提升车架结构及整车的性能,为车架结构设计提供理论依据。利用SolidWorks软件建立车架三维模型,并导入ANSYS软件中进行静态有限元分析,通过静态电测试验确定有限元分析的应力值和试验真实应力值的相对误差范围后,对不同工况下车架动载性能进行分析以及前8阶模态振动变形分析,基于分析结果可知车架具有良好强度性能,但座椅位置存在较大变形,结构的刚度不足的问题。采用拓扑优化对车架进行优化设计,在保证车架应力分布合理的情况下减少车架变形情况通过改变斜撑支架结构布置实现减小变形的目的。根据优化设计结果,使车架总质量增加8.739%,变形量减小88.268%,最大应力减小11.693%。改进后的车架最大应力有所降低,并且车架变形有何明显改善,研究表明通过有限元法以及拓扑优化技术对于指导移栽机车架的结构设计具有较好的适用性。

关键词: 三七, 移栽机, 车架, 有限元, 拓扑优化, 模态分析

Abstract:

Panax Notoginseng is one of the most extensively cultivated and utilized bulk medicinal materials in China, and Yunnan Province is the main producing area for Panax Notoginseng in the country. Due to the influence of terrain and agronomic requirements, traditional agricultural machinery faces difficulties in entering the planting areas for operation, resulting in the current manual operation of Panax Notoginseng transplantation. Therefore, the development of a Panax Notoginseng transplanting machine is crucial for promoting the industrialization of Panax Notoginseng. As the crucial load-bearing structure of the transplanting machine, the frame significantly affects the overall performance of the vehicle. This paper focuses on the structural analysis of the transplanting machine frame, aiming to improve the performance of the frame and the entire vehicle, and provide theoretical basis for frame structural design. A three-dimensional model of the frame is established using SolidWorks software and imported into ANSYS software for static finite element analysis. After determining the relative error range between the stress values obtained from static electrical tests and experimental stress values, the dynamic loading performance of the frame under different working conditions and the modal vibration deformation analysis of the first eight modes are conducted. The analysis results indicate that the frame exhibits good strength performance, but significant deformation occurs at the seat position, indicating insufficient stiffness of the structure. Topology optimization is employed to optimize the frame design, aiming to reduce frame deformation while ensuring reasonable stress distribution. By altering the arrangement of diagonal brace brackets, the goal of reducing deformation is achieved. According to the optimization design results, the total mass of the frame increases by 8.739%, while the deformation is reduced by 88.268%, and the maximum stress is decreased by 11.693%. The improved frame exhibits reduced maximum stress and significantly improved deformation, demonstrating the applicability of finite element method and topology optimization technology in guiding the structural design of transplanting machine frames.

Key words: Panax Notoginseng, transplanting machine, frame, finite element, optimization design, modal analysis

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