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Effects of tillage on soil organic carbon distribution, stocks, and quality from rice-wheat fields of subtropical China
*
Siyuan Cui, Guangqiao Cao
Journal of Intelligent Agricultural Mechanization (in Chinese and English) 2020, 1 (2): 51-60. DOI:
10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2020.02.007
Abstract
(
178
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Tillage practices influence the fate of soil organic carbon (SOC) by different intensities of soil disturbance. Few studies have examined soil aggregate structure and carbon pool from rice-wheat fields in eastern China. This study aims to evaluate the influence of tillage methods on aggregate fractions,SOC distribution, carbon storage, and carbon pool management index (
CMI
). A 5-year field experiment was conducted including 4 treatments: minimum tillage (MT), rotary tillage (RT), conventional tillage (CT), and conventional tillage with residue removed (CT0) in a rice-wheat system. Results showed that MT and straw retention are beneficial to the formation of >2 000 μm aggregates. The organic carbon contents at 0~5, 5~10, and 10~20 cm depths increased when using MT, RT, and CT. Since the organic carbon was mainly distributed in macro aggregates, it increased by straw retention regardless of the tillage treatment used. There is a significant (
P
<0.05) correlation between aggregates fractions and the content of organic carbon. Organic carbon stock at 0~20 cm depths increases by 15.6%, 14.5%, 13.4%, and -0.95% under MT, RT, CT and CT0, respectively. Compared with CT0, MT reduces the
CMI
while RT and CT enhance it. The
CMI
has a significant negative correlation with soil bulk density. Our results indicate that reducing tillage intensity, implementing straw retention, and especially their combined application can be effectively used to improve aggregates fractions and carbon sequestration in rice-wheat fields in eastern China.
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Prediction of cultivated land operation scale in China Prediction of cultivated land operation scale in China
*
Cong Chen, Guangqiao Cao
Journal of Intelligent Agricultural Mechanization (in Chinese and English) 2020, 1 (1): 49-55. DOI:
10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2020.01.007
Abstract
(
198
)
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(305KB)(
21
)
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Large-scale agricultural operation is an effective way to improve production efficiency and resource utilization rate, which can promote the development of agricultural mechanization, reduce production costs and increase farmers' income. Most of the studies have focused on the estimation and calculation of the moderate agricultural scale, which is not consistent with the reality of the coexistence of multiple agricultural scales in China. This paper attempts to estimate the distribution function of cultivated land transfer operation scale based on the historical statistical data, simulate the number of farm households with different scale of operation development and analyze the distribution of the scale under different operation models. The research results show that: (1) By 2025, the number of farm households with cultivated land operation area over 6.67 hm
2
will reach 3.57 million, the number of farmer households with cultivated land operation area over 20 hm
2
will reach 1.09 million, the number of farmer households with cultivated land operation area over 33.33 hm
2
will reach 597 500, and the number of farmer households with cultivated land operation area over 66.66 hm
2
will reach 223 300 in China. (2) Family farms will become the mainstream of the scale operation entities. Family operation farms will reach 11.46 million, operating the largest area of cultivated land which account for 39% of the total cultivated area. The number of cooperatives is few, accounting for only 0.22% of the total number of farm households. However, due to the relatively large average operation scale, the cultivated land area managed by the cooperatives accounts for 27% of the total cultivated land area. Large-scale operation has become the main way of agricultural operation, with the large-scale operation of total cultivated land reaching 70%.
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