Design and implementation of a multi energy complementary system for pig farms based on “dual carbon goals”

doi:10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2023.04.004

Abstract

Abstract:

A large part of the world’s greenhouse gases comes from livestock and poultry breeding and manure. A survey report by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations （FAO） pointed out that animal husbandry is the industry that contributes the most to the greenhouse effect among all industries. Against the backdrop of the current goal of achieving “carbon peak and carbon neutrality”， in order to address the energy waste and environmental pollution caused by large-scale pig farms， building a multi energy complementary system for pig farms with clean energy as the main focus is of great significance in energy conservation， emission reduction， and improving energy efficiency. Inthelight of multi-energy complementation and energy cascade utilization， a multi-energy complementary system in pig farm has been constructed based on the pig farm’s own conditions that the pig farm has abundant biomass energy and solar energy， and it also has large daily electricity consumption and high heat load in winter. Based on the scale overview and load demand of the pig farm， appropriate supporting equipment was selected， the simulation calculation of photovoltaic power generation was conducted using PVsyst software. Taking into account the investment cost， equipment operation and maintenance cost， electric heating load demand， and seasonal demand of the system. Taking into account the system investment cost， equipment operation and maintenance cost， electric heating load demand， and seasonal demand， the final calculation showed that the pig farm can still earn 1.585 7 million yuan based on the industry benchmark return rate of 8%， and the dynamic investment recovery period is approximately 7.3 years. Compared with traditional pig farms purchasing electricity from the grid， it can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 204.29 tons per year， indicating that the system can bring good economic benefits to pig farms and has significant energy-saving， emission reduction， and green environmental protection advantages. It can provide new business ideas for other farms such as chicken farms and cattle farms.

Key words: pig farm, multi energy complementary, solar energy, biomass energy, economic benefits

CLC Number:

S24： TK6

WANG Ranran, LI Hanxiao, QI Kai, CHEN Yizhuo, ZHANG Wenjuan, SHEN Xiaoran, ZHANG Wen. Design and implementation of a multi energy complementary system for pig farms based on “dual carbon goals”[J]. Journal of Intelligent Agricultural Mechanization, 2023, 4(4): 26-32.

Figures/Tables 9

Figure 1 Multi energy complementary system structure

Tabel 1 Overview of pig farms

类别	公猪	母猪	仔猪	育肥猪
存栏数/头	20	500	800	4 000
粪/ $(k g ∙ 头 - 1 ∙ d - 1)$	6.42	5.55	0.82	2.17
尿/ $(k g ∙ 头 - 1 ∙ d - 1)$	9.71	9.28	1.45	2.95

Tabel 1 Overview of pig farms

类别	公猪	母猪	仔猪	育肥猪
存栏数/头	20	500	800	4 000
粪/ $(k g ∙ 头 - 1 ∙ d - 1)$	6.42	5.55	0.82	2.17
尿/ $(k g ∙ 头 - 1 ∙ d - 1)$	9.71	9.28	1.45	2.95

Figure 2 Typical electricity load of pig farms in different seasons

Figure 3 Typical daily heat load of pig farms

Figure 4 Installation diagram of battery board

Figure 5 Power generation simulation results

Table 2 Input costs of each equipment

设备	投资成本/万元
合计	293
燃气内燃机	10
光伏设备	92
余热回收设备	8
燃气锅炉	14
搅拌机	4
蓄电池	30.6
储气设备	36.4
厌氧发酵罐	86
其他	12

Table 3 System revenue details

类别	产量	消耗量	销售量	时间/d	收益/万元
春季	光伏：1 787 kW·h 沼气：1 800 kW·h	1 520 kW·h	光伏：267 kW·h 沼气：1 800 kW·h	90	13.33
夏季	光伏：1 787 kW·h 沼气：1 800 kW·h	2 570 kW·h	沼气：1 017 kW·h	90	6.86
秋季	光伏：1 787 kW·h 沼气：1 800 kW·h	1 490 kW·h	光伏：297 kW·h 沼气：1 800 kW·h	90	13.46
冬季	光伏：1 787 kW·h	1 040 kW·h	光伏：747 kW·h	90	3.29
沼渣沼液	9.3 t	0	9.3 t	360	33.48
总计					70.42

Table 4 System carbon dioxide reduction

项目	二氧化碳量/(t·年^-1)
传统养猪场电网购电碳排放量	903.59
具有多能互补系统的养猪场碳排放量	699.3
二氧化碳减排量	204.29

References 20

1	YANG J， WANG L Y， HU P D， et al. Economic dispatching of CCHP microgrid considering grid-connected revenue ［C］∥ 2019 4th International Conference on Intelligent Green Building and Smart Grid （IGBSG）. IEEE， 2019： 657-660.
2	王红岩，李景明，赵群，等. 中国新能源资源基础及发展前景展望［J］. 石油学报， 2009， 30（3）： 469-474.
	WANG Hongyan， LI Jingming， ZHAO Qun， et al. Resources and development of new energy in China ［J］. Acta Petrolei Sinica， 2009， 30（3）： 469-474.
3	吴笑民，郭雨，郑景文，等. 多能互补智慧园区能源系统优化运行方法［J］. 高电压技术， 2022， 48（7）： 2545-2553.
	WU Xiaomin， GUO Yu， ZHENG Jingwen， et al. Optimal operation method for power system of multi-energy complement smart park ［J］. High Voltage Engineering， 2022， 48（7）： 2545-2553.
4	程林，张靖，黄仁乐，等. 基于多能互补的综合能源系统多场景规划案例分析［J］. 电力自动化设备， 2017， 37（6）： 282-287.
	CHEN Lin， ZHANG Jing， HUANG Renle， et al. Case analysis of multi-scenario planning based on multi-energy complementation for integrated energy system ［J］. Electric Power Automation Equipment， 2017， 37（6）： 282-287.
5	袁亮，张通，张庆贺，等. 双碳目标下废弃矿井绿色低碳多能互补体系建设思考［J］. 煤炭学报， 2022， 47（6）： 2131-2139.
	YUAN Liang， ZHANG Tong， ZHANG Qinghe， et al. Construction of green， low-carbon and multi-energy complementary system for abandoned mines under global carbon neutrality ［J］. Journal of China Coal Society， 2022， 47（6）： 2131-2139．
6	ZHANG X P， BAI Y K， ZHANG Y Z. Collaborative optimization for a multi-energy system considering carbon capture system and power to gas technology ［J］. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments， 2022， 49： 101765.
7	LU D， LIU Z J， BAI Y， et al. Study on the multi-energy complementary absorption system applied for combined cooling and heating in cold winter and hot summer areas ［J］. Applied Energy， 2022， 312： 118746.
8	LUO X J， FONG K F. Development of integrated demand and supply side management strategy of multi-energy system for residential building application ［J］. Applied Energy， 2019， 242： 570-587.
9	LUO X J， OYEDELE L O， AKINADE O O， et al. Two-stage capacity optimization approach of multi-energy system considering its optimal operation ［J］. Energy and AI， 2020， 1： 100005.
10	郭冬生，王文龙，龚群辉，等. 我国畜牧业发展现状及发展趋势［J］. 江苏农业科学， 2014， 42（2）： 18-21.
11	彭思毅，蒲施桦，简悦，等. 规模养殖场粪污资源化利用技术研究进展［J］. 中国畜牧杂志， 2022， 58（12）： 47-54.
	PENG Siyi， PU Shihua， JIAN Yue， et al. Research progress on utilization technology of manure in large-scale livestock and poultry farms ［J］. Chinese Journal of Animal Science， 2022， 58（12）： 47-54.
12	王军霞，徐菲，刘瑞民，等. 我国畜禽养殖总量空间热点分析及主要污染物核算［J］. 农业环境科学学报， 2017， 36（7）： 1316-1322.
	WANG Junxia， XU Fei， LIU Ruimin， et al. Hotspot analysis and estimation of the main pollutants from livestock in China ［J］. Journal of Agro-Environment Science， 2017， 36（7）： 1316-1322.
13	GAN L， HU X S. The pollutants from livestock and poultry farming in China—geographic distribution and drivers ［J］. Environmental Science and Pollution Research， 2016， 23： 8470-8483.
14	张园园，李敏，徐宣国. 生猪养殖规模化、集约化与环境污染［J］. 统计与决策， 2021， 37（14）： 80-83.
15	陈廷贵，赵梓程. 规模养猪场沼气工程清洁发展机制的温室气体减排效益［J］. 农业工程学报， 2018， 34（10）： 210-215.
	CHEN Tinggui， ZHAO Zicheng. Benefit on emission reduction of greenhouse gas in biogas digester on scale swine farm based on clean development mechanism ［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering， 2018， 34（10）： 210-215.
16	CHEN Y， WANG S J， TSAI C C， et al. Assessment of subsidies to minimize environmental pollution by Intensive Hog Feeding Operation （IHFO）［J］. Journal of Cleaner Production， 2016， 112： 2529-2535.
17	周海宾，丁京涛，孟海波，等. 中国畜禽粪污资源化利用技术应用调研与发展分析［J］. 农业工程学报， 2022， 38（9）： 237-246.
	ZHOU Haibin， DING Jingtao， MENG Haibo， et al. Survey and development analysis of resource utilization technology of livestock and poultry wastes in China ［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering， 2022， 38（9）： 237-246.
18	陈菲菲，张崇尚，王艺诺，等. 规模化生猪养殖粪便处理与成本收益分析［J］. 中国环境科学， 2017， 37（9）： 3455-3463.
	CHEN Feifei， ZHANG Chongshang， WANG Yinuo， et al. Patterns and cost-benefit analysis of manure disposal of scale pig production in China ［J］. China Environmental Science， 2017， 37（9）： 3455-3463.
19	沈明霞，陈金鑫，丁奇安，等. 生猪自动化养殖装备与技术研究进展与展望［J］. 农业机械学报， 2022， 53（12）： 1-19.
	SHEN Mingxia， CHEN Jinxin， DING Qi’an， et al. Current situation and development trend of pig automated farming equipment application ［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery， 2022， 53（12）： 1-19.
20	刘殊嘉. 静脉产业园沼气利用方式的碳减排分析［J］. 中国沼气， 2023， 41（2）： 17-22.
	LIU Shujia. Carbon emission reduction analysis of biogas utilization method in Vein Industrial Park ［J］. China Biogas， 2023， 41（2）： 17-22.