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智能化农业装备学报(中英文) ›› 2024, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (1): 31-39.DOI: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2024.01.004

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标准化果园多功能作业平台关键技术研究现状与趋势

刘羊1,2(), 刘宇洋1, 陈江春1, 李景彬1(), 林小卫2, 蔺广兆1   

  1. 1.石河子大学机械电气工程学院,新疆 石河子,832003
    2.浙江广力工程机械有限公司,浙江龙泉,323700
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-01 修回日期:2024-01-30 出版日期:2024-02-15 发布日期:2024-02-07
  • 通讯作者: 李景彬
  • 作者简介:刘羊,男,1988年生,湖北黄石人,博士后;研究方向为农业装备及智能输送装备。E-mail: lyhake@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    兵团农业关键核心技术攻关项目(CZ00270601)

Research status and trend of key technologies of standardized orchard multi-functional operation platform

LIU Yang1,2(), LIU Yuyang1, CHEN Jiangchun1, LI Jingbin1(), LIN Xiaowei2, LIN Guangzhao1   

  1. 1.School of Mechnical and Electrical Engineering,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,China
    2.Zhejiang Guangli Engineering Machinery Co. ,Ltd. ,Longquan 323700,China
  • Received:2023-12-01 Revised:2024-01-30 Online:2024-02-15 Published:2024-02-07
  • Contact: LI Jingbin

摘要:

我国是水果生产和消费大国,产量和面积常年居世界首位。然而我国果园长期面临复杂环境,传统人工作业存在成本高、劳动力紧缺、效率低等问题,随着标准化、规模化果园的建立,传统模式已不适应现代果园的发展。多功能作业技术平台集成采摘、开沟、施肥、喷雾、运输等功能,有效提升果园作业效率,节约成本,成为现代林果业高效发展的关键工具。主要概述了多功能作业平台结构组成及工作原理,包括对升降结构与底盘系统两大关键部分,并对国内外标准化果园作业平台的发展动态进行概述,从简单移动平台到可扩展平台,后续加入导航与自动调平系统等一系列改进,通过对比不同类型果园作业平台的特点和优势,明晰国内多功能作业平台发展不足,并总结归纳分析出国内外多功能作业平台主要研究重心聚焦在自动调平技术、通用底盘技术、导航避障技术、升降技术、底盘通过性技术、动力系统协调管理技术、系统品质提升技术等方面,并且探讨了我国多功能作业平台发展所面临的瓶颈,如信息化、智能化不足,政策支持相对滞后等。最后,针对我国作业平台与国外作业平台发展差距提出建议,如推进果园种植规范化、标准化,向信息化、智能化发展等,以期为我国果园高品质机械化作业提供发展思路。

关键词: 果园作业平台, 自动调平, 通用底盘, 导航避障, 底盘通过性, 动力系统协调管理

Abstract:

China is a major producer and consumer of fruits, with output and area consistently ranking first in the world. However, China's orchards have long faced complex environments, with traditional manual operations facing high costs, labor shortages, and low efficiency. With the establishment of standardized and large-scale orchards, traditional models are no longer suitable for the development of modern orchards. The multi-functional operation technology platform integrates the functions of picking, ditching, fertilization, spray, transportation, etc., effectively improves the efficiency of orchard operations, saves costs, and becomes the key tool for the efficient development of modern forestry and fruit industry. This article introduces the structural composition and working principle of a multifunctional homework platform, mainly introducing the two key parts of the lifting structure and chassis system, and provide an overview of the development trends of standardized orchard operation platforms at home and abroad, from simple mobile platforms to scalable platforms, followed by a series of improvements such as navigation and automatic leveling systems. By comparing the characteristics and advantages of different types of orchard operation platforms, clarify the shortcomings of domestic multi-functional operation platforms, and summarize and analyze the main research focus of multifunctional operation platforms at home and abroad, focusing on automatic leveling technology In terms of general chassis technology, navigation obstacle avoidance technology, lifting technology, chassis passability technology, power system coordination and management technology, and system quality improvement technology, this paper explores the bottlenecks faced by the development of multifunctional work platforms in China, such as insufficient intelligence and informatization, and relatively lagging policy support. Finally, suggestions are proposed to address the development gap between China's homework platforms and foreign homework platforms, such as promoting standardization and standardization of orchard planting, and developing towards intelligence and informatization, in order to provide development ideas for high-quality mechanized operations in China's orchards.

Key words: sorchard operation platform, automatic leveling, general chassis, navigation obstacle avoidance, chassis passability, power system coordination management

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