智能化农业装备学报(中英文) ›› 2025, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (2): 58-68.DOI: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2025.02.005
吕秋辉1(), 朱立学1,2(
), 张世昂1, 陈逸鹏1, 毛顺1
收稿日期:
2025-03-13
修回日期:
2025-04-18
出版日期:
2025-05-15
发布日期:
2025-05-20
通讯作者:
朱立学
作者简介:
吕秋辉,男,2001年生,广东高州人,硕士研究生;研究方向为农业智能技术。E-mail: 137637519@qq.com
基金资助:
LÜ Qiuhui1(), ZHU Lixue1,2(
), ZHANG Shi'ang1, CHEN Yipeng1, MAO Shun1
Received:
2025-03-13
Revised:
2025-04-18
Online:
2025-05-15
Published:
2025-05-20
Contact:
ZHU Lixue
About author:
LÜ Qiuhui, E-mail: 137637519@qq.com
Supported by:
摘要:
目前水果采摘存在劳动力短缺、采摘效率低和作业环境复杂等问题,亟须发展具备高精度感知与自主作业能力的智能化采摘装备,以全面提升果实采摘的效率和质量。传感器技术在水果采摘机器人中的应用包括路径规划、果实识别、定位及抓取控制等关键任务环节。针对非结构化果园环境,视觉、触觉与激光传感器的协同应用可实现目标识别、位置感知与避障控制,显著提升了采摘机器人对复杂环境的适应能力与作业精度,但是现有传感器仍然存在一些技术短板,如视觉传感器易受阳光干扰、枝叶遮挡和果实密集分布等因素影响,导致目标检测困难;触觉传感器易受温湿度影响,难以量化复杂的力学反馈,因而细微抓取力控制困难;由于非结构化环境下的路径优化困难,且激光传感器成本高昂,限制了其大规模应用。同时,单一传感器存在感知维度单一、环境适应性不足和果实特征感知不足等局限,难以适应非结构化果园环境。为此,针对多传感器融合技术面临的数据异构性、时序同步性和计算复杂性等挑战,对传感器技术在水果采摘机器人的未来应用进行了展望,指出融合红外、紫外等多波段成像技术和高动态范围(high dynamic range imaging,HDR)成像技术,柔性电子皮肤结合仿生结构设计的多传感器融合技术有望得到广泛应用。
中图分类号:
吕秋辉, 朱立学, 张世昂, 陈逸鹏, 毛顺. 传感器技术在水果采摘机器人中的应用现状及趋势[J]. 智能化农业装备学报(中英文), 2025, 6(2): 58-68.
LÜ Qiuhui, ZHU Lixue, ZHANG Shi'ang, CHEN Yipeng, MAO Shun. Application status and trends of sensor technology in fruit picking robots[J]. Journal of Intelligent Agricultural Mechanization, 2025, 6(2): 58-68.
图6 末端执行器结构示意图1.手腕连接件2.双轴气缸 3.动力传动推板 4.连杆 5.摇杆一6.摇杆二7.主框架板 8.刀片 9.压力薄膜传感器安装架10.压力薄膜传感器 11.压力薄膜传感器支撑架12.刀片支撑架 13.支撑铝板
Figure 6 Schematic diagram of end-effector
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