English

智能化农业装备学报(中英文) ›› 2025, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (2): 44-57.DOI: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2025.02.004

• • 上一篇    下一篇

人工智能在畜禽养殖机器人中的应用与展望

王克林1,2(), 刘龙申2,3, 陈金鑫1,2, 李鹏2,3, OKINDA Cedric1,2,4, 沈明霞2,3()   

  1. 1.南京农业大学工学院,江苏 南京,210031
    2.农业农村部养殖装备重点实验室,江苏 南京,210031
    3.南京农业大学人工智能学院,江苏 南京,210031
    4.马辛德穆利罗科技大学,肯尼亚 卡卡梅加,190-5010 0
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-18 修回日期:2024-12-05 出版日期:2025-05-15 发布日期:2025-05-20
  • 通讯作者: 沈明霞
  • 作者简介:王克林,男,1998年生,江苏徐州人,博士研究生;研究方向为机器视觉和信息农业。E-mail: 2024212017@stu.njau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2021YFD2000800)

Application and prospect of artificial intelligence in livestock and poultry farming robots

WANG Kelin1,2(), LIU Longshen2,3, CHEN Jinxin1,2, LI Peng2,3, OKINDA Cedric1,2,4, SHEN Mingxia2,3()   

  1. 1.College of Engineering,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210031,China
    2.Key Laboratory of Farming Equipment,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing 210031,China
    3.College of Artificial Intelligence,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210031,China
    4.Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology,Kakamega 190-5010 0,Kenya
  • Received:2024-09-18 Revised:2024-12-05 Online:2025-05-15 Published:2025-05-20
  • Contact: SHEN Mingxia
  • About author:WANG Kelin, E-mail: 2024212017@stu.njau.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD2000800)

摘要:

我国畜禽养殖量常年居于世界前列,不仅养殖种类齐全,且产业链与相关配套完整,在农业产业中占有举足轻重的地位。近年来,由于规模化养殖的快速发展以及动物疫病流行、劳动力短缺等因素,养殖产业对智能化、无人化的养殖设备提出了更高的需求。其中,养殖机器人作为实现智慧化养殖的重要载体,可有效替代或协助人类完成部分工作,且对于提升动物福利、提高生产效率、减少污染浪费等方面具有重大意义和广阔前景。本研究综述了图像识别、深度学习、强化学习、自主导航等智能技术及热红外相机、深度相机、激光雷达等关键零部件在养殖机器人上的应用,并介绍了其可实现的例如动物生理信息检测、行为姿态识别、环境监测调控、饲料蛋奶管理等多种功能。此外,由于我国自动化养殖产业起步较晚,目前与发达国家仍存在一定差距,因此,本研究亦针对目前国内外智能化养殖机器人的产业现状和方向进行了介绍,并探讨了其背后发展历程、市场前景和政策支撑。本研究还展望了未来智能养殖行业的发展,指出了当前技术在经济性、稳定性、动物接受度等方面存在的挑战,并提出了未来可能的前进方向和改进目标,旨在为相关研究人员进一步推动技术革新和产业应用提供参考。

关键词: 人工智能, 农业机器人, 智慧养殖, 深度学习, 畜禽养殖

Abstract:

Chinese livestock and poultry farming sector consistently ranks among the global leaders in production volume. It not only has a comprehensive range of farming types, but also has a complete industrial chain with associated supporting infrastructure, and occupies a pivotal position in the agricultural industry. In recent years, due to the rapid development of large-scale farming, increased prevalence of animal diseases, persistent labor shortages and other factor shave intensified the demands for intelligent and automated farming equipment. Farming robots, as an important carrier for realizing intelligent agriculture, can effectively replace or assist humans in various tasks, and have great significance and broad prospects for enhancing animal welfare, improving production efficiency, and reducing pollution and waste. This article reviews the application of intelligent technologies such as image recognition, deep learning, reinforcement learning, and autonomous navigation, as well as key components such as thermal infrared cameras, depth cameras, and LiDAR in farming robots, and introduces its achievable functions such as animal physiological information detection, behavior posture recognition, environmental monitoring and control, and feed and milk management. In addition, considering that China’s automated commenced development more recently, there is still a developmental gap compared to some developed countries. Therefore, this article examines the current industrial status and direction of intelligent farming robots both domestically (in China) and internationally, which includes an exploration of its development history, market prospects and policy support. This article also looks forward to the future development of the smart farming industry, points out the challenges of current technologies in terms of economy, stability, animal acceptance, etc., and proposes possible future directions and improvement goals, aiming to provide a reference for relevant researchers to further promote technological innovation and industrial applications.

Key words: artificial intelligence, agricultural robots, smart farming, deep learning, livestock and poultry farming

中图分类号: