Development status and prospect of cold chain logistics of fruits， vegetables， and agricultural products based on intelligent technology

doi:10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2024.03.007

Abstract

Abstract:

The cold chain in the production area of fruits and vegetables is the primary link to reduce product loss and improve product quality， but it is also a weak link. With the application of big data technology in cold chain logistics， intelligent devices， and technologies have become important carriers for improving the efficiency of cold chain logistics in fruit and vegetable production areas， extending the shelf life of fruits and vegetables， and reducing fruit and vegetable losses. They have many advantages in fruit and vegetable pre-cooling， sorting and packaging， testing， warehousing， transportation， and other aspects. This article summarizes the rapidly developing and widely used intelligent technologies at home and abroad in recent years， including automated guided vehicle intelligent handling based on electromagnetic or optical technology， intelligent sorting based on sensors， electronic optics， and other technologies， intelligent detection based on computer vision technology， intelligent transportation based on perspective imaging technology， etc. It analyses and studies the innovative research and achievements of various scholars in applying intelligent technology in fruit and vegetable cold chain storage， sorting， detection， transportation， and other links， and improves the efficiency of fruit and vegetable cold chain logistics. However， applying intelligent technology in fruit and vegetable cold chain logistics also faces many problems. The challenges of high cost， difficulty in technological integration， and talent shortages have limited the development of intelligent technology in the field of fruit and vegetable cold chains. To solve the current problems， it is proposed that costs be controlled through independent research and development， technological innovation， and other means to lower the entry threshold for small enterprises. Strengthen integrating intelligent technology and cold chain logistics systems to improve data security and system compatibility. At the same time， the government should introduce relevant policies， provide necessary financial support， and establish talent training mechanisms. Accelerate the development and improvement of intelligent technology standards in the field of cold chain logistics. Through technological innovation， cost control， talent cultivation， and policy guidance， we aim to promote the upgrading of the agricultural industry and provide ideas for improving the quality and efficiency of fruit and vegetable cold chain logistics.

Key words: fruits and vegetables, cold chain logistics, automated guided vehicle intelligent handling, computer vision, spectral detection

CLC Number:

ZHANG Ruizhi, LIU Qianyuan, HUANG Yuying, LIU Bing, CHANG Zhiguang, WANG Jiaoling. Development status and prospect of cold chain logistics of fruits， vegetables， and agricultural products based on intelligent technology[J]. Journal of Intelligent Agricultural Mechanization, 2024, 5(3): 63-74.

Figures/Tables 5

References 35

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Application scenario	Intelligent technology	Key function	Dominance	Inferior
Intelligent warehousing	1)Intelligent temperature control: temperature and humidity sensors, Internet of Things, big data and other technologies 2) AGV intelligent handling: electromagnetic navigation technology, two-dimensional code navigation technology, laser navigation technology, vision navigation technology	1) Intelligent temperature control: real-time monitoring and precise control of temperature and humidity to ensure that fruits and vegetables are stored and transported in a suitable environment 2) Intelligent handling: realise autonomous navigation and obstacle avoidance, improve handling efficiency and reduce manpower cost	1) Improving freshness and reducing energy costs 2）Improve handling efficiency and accuracy, reduce manual errors 3) Reduce labour intensity and improve working environment	1) Large initial investment 2) High technical threshold 3) The existence of data security risks
Intelligent sorting	Sensor and electro-optical technology, computer vision technology, Internet of Things, PLC automatic control technology, etc.	Fast and accurate sorting and grading of fruits and vegetables	Improve sorting speed and accuracy and reduce manual intervention	1) Highly technically demanding 2) Requires regular maintenance and calibration to ensure accuracy
Intelligent detection	Computer vision technology, near-infrared spectroscopy technology, acoustic properties application technology, electronic nose (tongue) technology, electric and magnetic properties application technology, X-ray and laser application technology, and so on	1） Non-contact, non-destructive testing of fruits and vegetables 2） Determine quality indicators such as sugar content and acidity as well as freshness and ripeness	Enables rapid, non-destructive testing to protect the integrity of fruit and vegetables	Equipment is costly and requires specialised personnel to operate and maintain; some detection techniques may be affected by environmental factors
Intelligent transport	GPS, Internet of Things and big data technology, perspective imaging technology, radioactive on-line detection technology, electromagnetic wave application technology, and so on	1) Real-time monitoring of the position, speed, temperature, humidity and other parameters of transport vehicles, and can automatically adjust and optimise transport routes and speed 2) Intelligent application of highway green channel to reduce clearance time	1) Improve transport efficiency 2) Reduce wastage and waste during transport	1) High investment 2) High dependence on network and data transmission

Application scenario	Intelligent technology	Key function	Dominance	Inferior
Intelligent warehousing	1)Intelligent temperature control: temperature and humidity sensors, Internet of Things, big data and other technologies 2) AGV intelligent handling: electromagnetic navigation technology, two-dimensional code navigation technology, laser navigation technology, vision navigation technology	1) Intelligent temperature control: real-time monitoring and precise control of temperature and humidity to ensure that fruits and vegetables are stored and transported in a suitable environment 2) Intelligent handling: realise autonomous navigation and obstacle avoidance, improve handling efficiency and reduce manpower cost	1) Improving freshness and reducing energy costs 2）Improve handling efficiency and accuracy, reduce manual errors 3) Reduce labour intensity and improve working environment	1) Large initial investment 2) High technical threshold 3) The existence of data security risks
Intelligent sorting	Sensor and electro-optical technology, computer vision technology, Internet of Things, PLC automatic control technology, etc.	Fast and accurate sorting and grading of fruits and vegetables	Improve sorting speed and accuracy and reduce manual intervention	1) Highly technically demanding 2) Requires regular maintenance and calibration to ensure accuracy
Intelligent detection	Computer vision technology, near-infrared spectroscopy technology, acoustic properties application technology, electronic nose (tongue) technology, electric and magnetic properties application technology, X-ray and laser application technology, and so on	1） Non-contact, non-destructive testing of fruits and vegetables 2） Determine quality indicators such as sugar content and acidity as well as freshness and ripeness	Enables rapid, non-destructive testing to protect the integrity of fruit and vegetables	Equipment is costly and requires specialised personnel to operate and maintain; some detection techniques may be affected by environmental factors
Intelligent transport	GPS, Internet of Things and big data technology, perspective imaging technology, radioactive on-line detection technology, electromagnetic wave application technology, and so on	1) Real-time monitoring of the position, speed, temperature, humidity and other parameters of transport vehicles, and can automatically adjust and optimise transport routes and speed 2) Intelligent application of highway green channel to reduce clearance time	1) Improve transport efficiency 2) Reduce wastage and waste during transport	1) High investment 2) High dependence on network and data transmission