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智能化农业装备学报(中英文) ›› 2024, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (3): 44-50.DOI: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2024.03.005

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不同光质激光对人参生长的影响

李伟平1(), 梁雪梅1(), 程志强1, 许永华2, 贾鹏3,4, 王立军3,4   

  1. 1.吉林农业大学智慧农业研究院,吉林 长春,130118
    2.吉林农业大学中药材学院,吉林 长春,130118
    3.中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,吉林 长春,130033
    4.发光学及应用国家重点实验室,吉林 长春,130033
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-03 修回日期:2024-07-05 出版日期:2024-08-15 发布日期:2024-08-15
  • 通讯作者: 梁雪梅,女,1982年生,吉林长春人,博士,副教授;研究方向为激光在农业生产中的应用。E-mail: xuemeil@jlau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:李伟平,男,1995年生,吉林长春人,博士研究生;研究方向为激光在农业生产中的应用。E-mail: 18104402737@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国工程科技发展战略吉林研究院咨询研究重点项目(JL2022-04)

Effects of different light quality lasers on the growth of ginseng

LI Weiping1(), LIANG Xuemei1(), CHENG Zhiqiang1, XU Yonghua2, JIA Peng3,4, WANG Lijun3,4   

  1. 1.Institute of Intelligent Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
    2.College of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
    3.Changchun Institute of Optical Precision Machinery and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
    4.State Key Laboratory of Optics and Applications, Changchun 130033, China
  • Received:2024-04-03 Revised:2024-07-05 Online:2024-08-15 Published:2024-08-15
  • Contact: LIANG Xuemei

摘要:

近年来,随着半导体激光器技术的不断进步,在农业领域应用的激光技术备受关注。激光光源具有单色性强、电光转换效率高、使用成本低等优势,为提高农作物质量、增加产量提供了新的技术支持。为了研究不同光质激光对人参生长、生理生化指标以及多糖、皂苷积累等方面的影响,选取二年生人参载子进行试验。从展叶期到叶片枯萎前的每日上午7:00—11:00,下午14:00—18:00分别利用全波长LED灯、红色激光灯(R3)、蓝色激光灯(B3)、混合激光灯(R2B1、R3B2)(光量子通量密度分别为4.48 μmol/(m2·s),4.61 μmol/(m2·s))补光,针对不同光质补光的影响,本研究设立了不补光作为空白对照组,研究发现,人参的净光合作用能力、叶片的气孔导度等都有所改善。特别是LED处理组的净光合速率表现最为突出,而蓝光处理组则在蒸腾速率和胞间CO2浓度方面取得了最显著的效果提升。R3B2处理组气孔导度最大。就生长情况而言,人参在红蓝混合光处理下表现最佳,相比于对照组,蓝光能够显著提高植株的高度、增加叶片的长度和宽度,LED补光组根重、叶重均高于其他处理;从营养物质积累方面来看,蓝光处理下多糖含量最高,红光处理下皂苷含量积累普遍高于蓝光处理组,说明红光促进人参皂苷含量的积累,R2B1处理组Rg1、Rb1皂苷含量最高,远高于其他处理,R3B2处理时Re皂苷含量与红光处理组结果相当,高于其他4个处理。在未来的研究中,我们将选取最适宜人参生长及营养物质积累的激光补光条件,为缩短人参生长周期、提质增效而提供可行性方法。

关键词: 人参, 激光补光, 光合作用, 多糖, 皂苷

Abstract:

In recent years, with the continuous progress of semiconductor laser technology, laser technology applied in the field of agriculture has attracted much attention. The laser light source has the advantages of strong monochromaticity, high electro-optical conversion efficiency and low use cost, which provides new technical support for improving crop quality and increasing yield. In order to study the effects of different light quality laser on the growth, physiological and biochemical indexes, polysaccharide and saponin accumulation of ginseng, biennial ginseng carrier seeds were selected for experiments. From the leaf opening stage to the leaf withering stage: from 7:00 to 11:00, and from 14:00 to 18:00. every day, full-wavelength LED lights, red laser light (R3), blue laser light (B3), hybrid laser light R2B1, R3B2 (optical quantum density of 4.48 μmol/(m2·s), 4.61 μmol/(m2·s)) are used to fill light, respectively. According to the influence of different light quality, this study set up no light as a blank control group. It was found that the net photosynthetic capacity and stomatal conductance of leaves of ginseng were improved. Among them, the photosynthesis capacity of the LED light source was more obvious, and the absorption capacity of the blue light source was also stronger. In particular, the net photosynthetic rate of the LED treatment group was the most prominent, while the blue light treatment group achieved the most significant improvement in transpiration rate and intercellular CO2 concentration. The stomatal conductance of R3B2 treatment group was the highest. In terms of growth, ginseng performed best under mixed red and blue light treatment. Compared with the control group, blue light could significantly increase plant height and leaf length and width. The root weight and leaf weight of LED full wavelength complement light group were higher than other treatments. In terms of the accumulation of nutrients, the polysaccharide content in blue light treatment was the highest, and the saponin content in red light treatment was generally higher than that in blue light treatment group, indicating that red light promoted the accumulation of saponin content. The content of Rg1 and Rb1 saponin in R2B1 treatment group was the highest, which was much higher than that in other treatments; the content of Re saponin in R3B2 treatment was similar to that in red light treatment group, and higher than that in the other four treatments. In future studies, we will select the most suitable conditions for the growth and nutrient accumulation of ginseng, so as to provide a feasible method for shortening the growth cycle, improving the quality and efficiency of ginseng.

Key words: ginseng, laser fill light, photosynthesis, polysaccharides, saponin

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